MolluscaBase - Harpidae Bronn, 1849

WoRMS taxon details

Harpidae Bronn, 1849

AphiaID

196294 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:196294)

Classification

Status

accepted

Rank

Family

Parent

Neogastropoda incertae sedis

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Subfamily Harpinae Bronn, 1849
1. Genus Austroharpa H. J. Finlay, 1931
  1. Species Austroharpa exquisita (Iredale, 1931)
    1. Subspecies Austroharpa exquisita exquisita (Iredale, 1931) accepted as Austroharpa exquisita (Iredale, 1931)
  2. Species Austroharpa learorum Hart & Limpus, 1998
  3. Species Austroharpa loisae Rehder, 1973
  4. Species Austroharpa mikeharti Lorenz, 2020
  5. Species Austroharpa punctata (Verco, 1896)
    1. Subspecies Austroharpa punctata loisae Rehder, 1973 accepted as Austroharpa loisae Rehder, 1973
    2. Subspecies Austroharpa punctata punctata (Verco, 1896) accepted as Austroharpa punctata (Verco, 1896)
    3. Subspecies Austroharpa punctata wilsoni Rehder, 1973 accepted as Austroharpa wilsoni Rehder, 1973
  6. Species Austroharpa wilsoni Rehder, 1973
  7. Subgenus Austroharpa (Austroharpa) H. J. Finlay, 1931 accepted as Austroharpa H. J. Finlay, 1931
  8. Subgenus Austroharpa (Palamharpa) Iredale, 1931 accepted as Austroharpa H. J. Finlay, 1931
    1. Species Austroharpa (Palamharpa) exquisita (Iredale, 1931) accepted as Austroharpa exquisita (Iredale, 1931)
    2. Species Austroharpa (Palamharpa) loisae Rehder, 1973 accepted as Austroharpa loisae Rehder, 1973 (basionym)
    3. Species Austroharpa (Palamharpa) punctata (Verco, 1896) accepted as Austroharpa punctata (Verco, 1896)
    4. Species Austroharpa (Palamharpa) wilsoni Rehder, 1973 accepted as Austroharpa wilsoni Rehder, 1973 (basionym)
2. Genus Harpa Röding, 1798
  1. Species Harpa amouretta Röding, 1798
  2. Species Harpa articularis Lamarck, 1822
  3. Species Harpa cabriti P. Fischer, 1860
  4. Species Harpa costata (Linnaeus, 1758)
    1. Subspecies Harpa costata anosyensis Bozzetti, 2020
    2. Subspecies Harpa costata costata (Linnaeus, 1758)
    3. Variety Harpa costata var. laetifica Melvill, 1916 accepted as Harpa costata (Linnaeus, 1758) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  5. Species Harpa crenata Swainson, 1822
  6. Species Harpa davidis Röding, 1798
  7. Species Harpa doris Röding, 1798
  8. Species Harpa goodwini Rehder, 1993
  9. Species Harpa gracilis Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1829
  10. Species Harpa harpa (Linnaeus, 1758)
  11. Species Harpa kajiyamai Habe, 1970
  12. Species Harpa kolaceki T. Cossignani, 2011
  13. Species Harpa major Röding, 1798
    1. Subspecies Harpa major ivojardai T. Cossignani, 2013
    2. Subspecies Harpa major major Röding, 1798
  14. Species Harpa queenslandica Berschauer & Petuch, 2016
  15. Species Harpa antiqua G. B. Sowerby I, 1825 accepted as Cominella maculosa (Martyn, 1784) (junior subjective synonym)
  16. Species Harpa conoidalis Lamarck, 1822 accepted as Harpa major Röding, 1798 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  17. Species Harpa crassa Krauss, 1848 accepted as Harpa amouretta Röding, 1798 (junior subjective synonym)
  18. Species Harpa fulvomichaelensis Orga, 1999 (name not properly published; listed in WoRMS because it appears on various websites)
  19. Species Harpa imperialis Lamarck, 1822 accepted as Harpa costata (Linnaeus, 1758)
  20. Species Harpa kawamurai T. Habe, 1970 accepted as Harpa major Röding, 1798 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  21. Species Harpa laetifica Melvill, 1916 accepted as Harpa costata (Linnaeus, 1758)
  22. Species Harpa ligata Menke, 1828 accepted as Harpa major Röding, 1798
  23. Species Harpa lorenzi D. Monsecour & K. Monsecour, 2018 accepted as Harpa cabriti P. Fischer, 1860 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  24. Species Harpa minor Lamarck, 1822 accepted as Harpa amouretta Röding, 1798 (junior objective synonym)
  25. Species Harpa multicostata G. B. Sowerby I, 1822 accepted as Harpa costata (Linnaeus, 1758)
  26. Species Harpa nablium Mörch, 1852 accepted as Harpa davidis Röding, 1798
  27. Species Harpa nobilis Lamarck, 1822 accepted as Harpa harpa (Linnaeus, 1758) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  28. Species Harpa punctata Verco, 1896 accepted as Austroharpa punctata (Verco, 1896) (original combination)
  29. Species Harpa rivoliana R. P. Lesson, 1833 accepted as Harpa crenata Swainson, 1822
  30. Species Harpa robusta Röding, 1798 accepted as Harpa doris Röding, 1798
  31. Species Harpa rosea Lamarck, 1816 accepted as Harpa doris Röding, 1798 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  32. Species Harpa solidula A. Adams, 1854 accepted as Harpa amouretta Röding, 1798 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  33. Species Harpa striata Lamarck, 1816 accepted as Harpa cabriti P. Fischer, 1860
  34. Species Harpa ventricosa Lamarck, 1816 accepted as Harpa cabriti P. Fischer, 1860 (invalid: junior homonym of Harpa ventricosa Lamarck, 1801)
  35. Species Harpa ventricosa Lamarck, 1801 accepted as Harpa major Röding, 1798 (junior objective synonym of Harpa major)
  36. Species Harpa striatula A. Adams, 1854 (uncertain > unassessed, use in recent literature not established by editor)
  37. Species Harpa urniformis Perry, 1811 (uncertain > nomen dubium)
  38. Species Harpa virginalis G. B. Sowerby II, 1860 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum, use in recent liteature currently undocumented)
3. Genus Harpalis Link, 1807 accepted as Harpa Röding, 1798
4. Genus Palamharpa Iredale, 1931 accepted as Austroharpa H. J. Finlay, 1931
  1. Species Palamharpa exquisita Iredale, 1931 accepted as Austroharpa exquisita (Iredale, 1931)
Subfamily Moruminae Hughes & W. K. Emerson, 1987
1. Genus Morum Röding, 1798
  1. Species Morum alfi Thach, 2018
  2. Species Morum amabile Shikama, 1973
  3. Species Morum bayeri Petuch, 2001
  4. Species Morum berschaueri Petuch & R. F. Myers, 2015
  5. Species Morum bruuni (A. W. B. Powell, 1958)
  6. Species Morum cancellatum (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825)
  7. Species Morum clatratum Bouchet, 2002
  8. Species Morum concilium D. Monsecour, K. Monsecour & Lorenz, 2018
  9. Species Morum damasoi Petuch & Berschauer, 2020
  10. Species Morum dennisoni (Reeve, 1842)
  11. Species Morum exquisitum (A. Adams & Reeve, 1850)
  12. Species Morum fatimae Poppe & Brulet, 1999
  13. Species Morum grande (A. Adams, 1855)
  14. Species Morum inerme Lorenz, 2014
  15. Species Morum janae D. Monsecour & Lorenz, 2011
  16. Species Morum joelgreenei W. K. Emerson, 1981
  17. Species Morum kreipli Thach, 2018
  18. Species Morum kurzi Petuch, 1979
  19. Species Morum lathraeum D. Monsecour, Lorenz & K. Monsecour, 2019
  20. Species Morum lindae Petuch, 1987
  21. Species Morum lorenzi D. Monsecour, 2011
  22. Species Morum macandrewi (G. B. Sowerby III, 1889)
  23. Species Morum macdonaldi W. K. Emerson, 1981
  24. Species Morum mariaodeteae Petuch & Berschauer, 2020
  25. Species Morum matthewsi W. K. Emerson, 1967
  26. Species Morum morrisoni D. Monsecour, Lorenz & K. Monsecour, 2020
  27. Species Morum ninomiyai W. K. Emerson, 1986
  28. Species Morum oniscus (Linnaeus, 1767)
  29. Species Morum petestimpsoni Thach, 2017
  30. Species Morum ponderosum (Hanley, 1858)
  31. Species Morum praeclarum Melvill, 1919
  32. Species Morum purpureum Röding, 1798
  33. Species Morum roseum Bouchet, 2002
  34. Species Morum strombiforme (Reeve, 1842)
  35. Species Morum teramachii Kuroda & Habe, 1961
  36. Species Morum tuberculosum (Reeve, 1842)
  37. Species Morum uchiyamai Kuroda & Habe, 1961
  38. Species Morum veleroae W. K. Emerson, 1968
  39. Species Morum vicdani W. K. Emerson, 1995
  40. Species Morum watanabei Kosuge, 1981
  41. Species Morum watsoni Dance & W. K. Emerson, 1967
  42. Subgenus Morum (Cancellomorum) W. K. Emerson & Old, 1963 accepted as Morum (Oniscidia) Mörch, 1852 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
    1. Species Morum (Cancellomorum) lindae Petuch, 1987 accepted as Morum lindae Petuch, 1987
    2. Species Morum (Cancellomorum) watsoni Dance & W. K. Emerson, 1967 accepted as Morum watsoni Dance & W. K. Emerson, 1967 (unaccepted > superseded combination)
    3. Species Morum (Cancellomorum) praeclarum Melvill, 1919 represented as Morum praeclarum Melvill, 1919
    4. Species Morum (Cancellomorum) veleroae W. K. Emerson, 1968 represented as Morum veleroae W. K. Emerson, 1968
  43. Subgenus Morum (Onimusiro) Kuroda & T. Habe, 1971 accepted as Morum (Oniscidia) Mörch, 1852 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
    1. Species Morum (Onimusiro) teramachii Kuroda & Habe, 1961 accepted as Morum teramachii Kuroda & Habe, 1961
    2. Species Morum (Onimusiro) uchiyamai Kuroda & Habe, 1961 accepted as Morum uchiyamai Kuroda & Habe, 1961
  44. Species Morum celinamarumai Kosuge, 1981 accepted as Morum joelgreenei W. K. Emerson, 1981
  45. Species Morum delectum (Garrard, 1961) accepted as Morum bruuni (A. W. B. Powell, 1958) (junior subjective synonym)
  46. Species Morum lamarcki (Deshayes, 1844) accepted as Morum purpureum Röding, 1798 (misspelling)
  47. Species Morum lamarckii (Deshayes, 1844) accepted as Morum purpureum Röding, 1798
  48. Species Morum xanthostoma A. Adams, 1854 accepted as Morum tuberculosum (Reeve, 1842) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  49. Subgenus Morum (Herculea) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1858 represented as Morum Röding, 1798
    1. Species Morum (Herculea) ponderosum (Hanley, 1858) represented as Morum ponderosum (Hanley, 1858)
  50. Subgenus Morum (Morum) Röding, 1798 represented as Morum Röding, 1798
    1. Species Morum (Morum) strombiforme (Reeve, 1842) represented as Morum strombiforme (Reeve, 1842)
  51. Subgenus Morum (Oniscidia) Mörch, 1852 represented as Morum Röding, 1798
    1. Species Morum (Oniscidia) celinamarumai Kosuge, 1981 accepted as Morum (Oniscidia) joelgreenei W. K. Emerson, 1981
    2. Species Morum (Oniscidia) grande A. Adams, 1853 accepted as Oniscia grandis A. Adams, 1855 (unaccepted > nomen nudum)
    3. Species Morum (Oniscidia) bruuni (A. W. B. Powell, 1958) represented as Morum bruuni (A. W. B. Powell, 1958)
    4. Species Morum (Oniscidia) cancellatum (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825) represented as Morum cancellatum (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825)
    5. Species Morum (Oniscidia) concilium D. Monsecour, K. Monsecour & Lorenz, 2018 represented as Morum concilium D. Monsecour, K. Monsecour & Lorenz, 2018
    6. Species Morum (Oniscidia) exquisitum (A. Adams & Reeve, 1850) represented as Morum exquisitum (A. Adams & Reeve, 1850)
    7. Species Morum (Oniscidia) fatimae Poppe & Brulet, 1999 represented as Morum fatimae Poppe & Brulet, 1999
    8. Species Morum (Oniscidia) inerme Lorenz, 2014 represented as Morum inerme Lorenz, 2014
    9. Species Morum (Oniscidia) janae D. Monsecour & Lorenz, 2011 represented as Morum janae D. Monsecour & Lorenz, 2011
    10. Species Morum (Oniscidia) joelgreenei W. K. Emerson, 1981 represented as Morum joelgreenei W. K. Emerson, 1981
    11. Species Morum (Oniscidia) kurzi Petuch, 1979 represented as Morum kurzi Petuch, 1979
    12. Species Morum (Oniscidia) lorenzi D. Monsecour, 2011 represented as Morum lorenzi D. Monsecour, 2011
    13. Species Morum (Oniscidia) macdonaldi W. K. Emerson, 1981 represented as Morum macdonaldi W. K. Emerson, 1981
    14. Species Morum (Oniscidia) morrisoni D. Monsecour, Lorenz & K. Monsecour, 2020 represented as Morum morrisoni D. Monsecour, Lorenz & K. Monsecour, 2020
    15. Species Morum (Oniscidia) ninomiyai W. K. Emerson, 1986 represented as Morum ninomiyai W. K. Emerson, 1986
    16. Species Morum (Oniscidia) praeclarum Melvill, 1919 represented as Morum praeclarum Melvill, 1919
    17. Species Morum (Oniscidia) teramachii Kuroda & Habe, 1961 represented as Morum teramachii Kuroda & Habe, 1961
    18. Species Morum (Oniscidia) uchiyamai Kuroda & Habe, 1961 represented as Morum uchiyamai Kuroda & Habe, 1961
    19. Species Morum (Oniscidia) vicdani W. K. Emerson, 1995 represented as Morum vicdani W. K. Emerson, 1995
    20. Species Morum (Oniscidia) watanabei Kosuge, 1981 represented as Morum watanabei Kosuge, 1981
2. Genus Herculea H. Adams & A. Adams, 1858 accepted as Morum (Herculea) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1858 (unaccepted > superseded rank)
3. Genus Lambidium Link, 1807 accepted as Morum Röding, 1798 (unaccepted > junior objective synonym)
  1. Species Lambidium grande (A. Adams, 1855) accepted as Morum grande (A. Adams, 1855)
  2. Species Lambidium macandrewi (G. B. Sowerby III, 1889) accepted as Morum macandrewi (G. B. Sowerby III, 1889)
4. Genus Onimusiro Kuroda & T. Habe, 1971 accepted as Morum (Oniscidia) Mörch, 1852 (unaccepted > junior objective synonym)
5. Genus Oniscia G. B. Sowerby I, 1825 accepted as Morum Röding, 1798 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  1. Subgenus Oniscia (Oniscidia) Mörch, 1852 accepted as Morum (Oniscidia) Mörch, 1852 (unaccepted > superseded rank)
  2. Species Oniscia cancellata G. B. Sowerby I, 1825 accepted as Morum cancellatum (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825) (original combination)
  3. Species Oniscia cithara G. B. Sowerby I, 1825 accepted as Morum cythara (Brocchi, 1814) † (unaccepted > unjustified emendation, of Buccinum cythara Brocchi, 1814)
  4. Species Oniscia cithara R. B. Watson, 1881 accepted as Morum watsoni Dance & W. K. Emerson, 1967 (unaccepted > junior homonym, not Oniscia cithara G. B. Sowerby, 1825; Morum (Cancellomorum) watsoni Dance & W. K. Emerson, 1967 is a replacement name)
  5. Species Oniscia dennisoni Reeve, 1842 accepted as Morum dennisoni (Reeve, 1842) (original combination)
  6. Species Oniscia exquisita A. Adams & Reeve, 1850 accepted as Morum exquisitum (A. Adams & Reeve, 1850) (original combination)
  7. Species Oniscia grandis A. Adams, 1855 accepted as Morum grande (A. Adams, 1855) (original combination)
  8. Species Oniscia lamarckii Deshayes, 1844 accepted as Morum lamarckii (Deshayes, 1844)
  9. Species Oniscia macandrewi G. B. Sowerby III, 1889 accepted as Morum macandrewi (G. B. Sowerby III, 1889) (original combination)
  10. Species Oniscia oniscus (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825) accepted as Morum oniscus (Linnaeus, 1767) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
  11. Species Oniscia ponderosa Hanley, 1858 accepted as Morum ponderosum (Hanley, 1858) (original combination)
  12. Species Oniscia quadriseriata Menke, 1830 accepted as Morum oniscus (Linnaeus, 1767)
  13. Species Oniscia strombiformis Reeve, 1842 accepted as Morum strombiforme (Reeve, 1842)
  14. Species Oniscia triseriata Menke, 1830 accepted as Morum oniscus (Linnaeus, 1767) (unnecessary substitute name for Strombus oniscus)
  15. Species Oniscia tuberculosa Reeve, 1842 accepted as Morum tuberculosum (Reeve, 1842) (original combination)
6. Genus Oniscidia Mörch, 1852 accepted as Morum (Oniscidia) Mörch, 1852 (unaccepted > superseded rank)
  1. Species Oniscidia bruuni A. W. B. Powell, 1958 accepted as Morum (Oniscidia) bruuni (A. W. B. Powell, 1958) (superseded combination)
  2. Species Oniscidia dennisoni (Reeve, 1842) accepted as Morum dennisoni (Reeve, 1842) (unaccepted combination)
7. Genus Oniscidia Swainson, 1840 accepted as Oniscia G. B. Sowerby I, 1825 (unaccepted > misspelling - incorrect subsequent spelling, Misspelling of Sowerby's Oniscia according to Opinion 1040, 1975; Oniscidia Mörch, 1852 is a valid use of this genus name)
8. Genus Pulchroniscia Garrard, 1961 accepted as Morum (Oniscidia) Mörch, 1852 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  1. Species Pulchroniscia delecta Garrard, 1961 accepted as Morum bruuni (A. W. B. Powell, 1958) (junior subjective synonym)
Genus Cithara Jousseaume, 1881 accepted as Harpa Röding, 1798 (junior subjective synonym)

Environment

marine

Original description

Bronn, H. G. (1848–1849). Index Palaeontologicus oder Übersicht der bis jetzt bekannten fossilen Organismen, unter Mitwirkung der HH. Prof. H. R. Göppert and Herm. v. Meyer, bearbeitet von Dr. H. G. Bronn. A. Nomenclator Palaeontologicus, in alphabetischer Ordnung [two halves, each in a separate volume]. B. Enumerator Palaeontologicus: Systematische Zusammenstellung und geologische Entwickelungs-Gesetze der organischen Reiche. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart. A: Erste Hälfte: A–M [i–lxxxiv + pp. 1–775, 1848, reprinted without change in 1849]; zweite Hälfte: N–Z [pp. 776–1381, 1848, reprinted without change in 1849]. B: pp. 1–1106, 1849., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47356856, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47361949, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47357709
page(s): 469; note: original spelling: (family) Harpina [details]

Taxonomic citation

MolluscaBase eds. (2025). MolluscaBase. Harpidae Bronn, 1849. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=196294 on 2025-04-05

Taxonomic edit history

Date

action

2006-01-03 17:10:18Z

created

Vanden Berghe, Edward

2009-02-02 11:06:43Z

changed

Gofas, Serge

2009-06-16 13:49:29Z

changed

Bouchet, Philippe

2009-08-14 07:25:27Z

changed

db_admin

2011-05-02 05:18:47Z

checked

Bouchet, Philippe

Licensing

The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License

[taxonomic tree] [list species]

Nomenclature

original description Bronn, H. G. (1848–1849). Index Palaeontologicus oder Übersicht der bis jetzt bekannten fossilen Organismen, unter Mitwirkung der HH. Prof. H. R. Göppert and Herm. v. Meyer, bearbeitet von Dr. H. G. Bronn. A. Nomenclator Palaeontologicus, in alphabetischer Ordnung [two halves, each in a separate volume]. B. Enumerator Palaeontologicus: Systematische Zusammenstellung und geologische Entwickelungs-Gesetze der organischen Reiche. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart. A: Erste Hälfte: A–M [i–lxxxiv + pp. 1–775, 1848, reprinted without change in 1849]; zweite Hälfte: N–Z [pp. 776–1381, 1848, reprinted without change in 1849]. B: pp. 1–1106, 1849., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47356856, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47361949, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47357709
page(s): 469; note: original spelling: (family) Harpina [details]

basis of record Bouchet P., Rocroi J.P., Hausdorf B., Kaim A., Kano Y., Nützel A., Parkhaev P., Schrödl M. & Strong E.E. (2017). Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia. 61(1-2): 1-526.
page(s): 120, 348 [details] Available for editors

[request]

Identification resource

identification resource Poppe G.T., Brulet T. & Dance S.P. (1999). The family Harpidae. Conchological Iconography. ConchBooks, Hackenheim. 69pp. [details]

Other

context source (PeRMS) Ramírez, R.; Paredes, C.; Arenas, J. (2003). Moluscos del Perú. Revista de Biologia Tropical. 51(supplement 3): 225-284. [details] Available for editors

[request]

additional source Opinion 1436. (1987). Harpidae Howle & Corda, 1847 (Trilobita) and Harpidae Bronn, 1849 (Mollusca, Gastropoda): a ruling to remove the homonymy. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. 44(2): 137–138. [details]

additional source Walls, J. G. (1980). Conchs, tibias and harps. A survey of the molluscan families Strombidae and Harpidae. Hong Kong: TFH Publications. [details]

additional source Rehder H.A. (1973). The family Harpidae of the world. Indo-Pacific Mollusca 3(16) : 207-274., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46313116 [details]

Present

Inaccurate

Introduced: alien

Containing type locality

Definitions

[show lower level...]

Language	Name
English	harp snailsharp shells	[details]
German	Harfenschnecken	[details]
Japanese	ショクコウラ科	[details]

To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Harpidae)
To Genbank
To image gallery of Natural History Museum Rotterdam
To ITIS